The effect of poverty on school dropout rates in Osogbo Local Government Area, Osun State
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Background of the study
Poverty is a critical socio-economic challenge that significantly influences educational outcomes, particularly school dropout rates. In Osogbo, many families struggle with limited financial resources, which directly affects their ability to sustain their children’s education. Economic hardships force parents to prioritize immediate survival needs over long-term investments in education, often leading to early school leaving among children (Adewale, 2023). Financial constraints can result in the inability to pay school fees, purchase uniforms, or provide adequate learning materials, thereby increasing the likelihood of dropouts. Moreover, poverty may compel children to engage in income-generating activities to support their families, thus reducing school attendance and academic performance (Balogun, 2024). The correlation between poverty and educational discontinuity is further compounded by broader socio-economic challenges such as inadequate school infrastructure, limited access to quality education, and high unemployment rates in the community. As a result, the cycle of poverty is perpetuated, with uneducated youths finding it difficult to secure gainful employment. Recent studies indicate that interventions addressing poverty can have a positive impact on reducing dropout rates and improving overall educational attainment (Olayinka, 2025). This study explores the impact of poverty on school dropout rates in Osogbo, aiming to identify the key factors driving this trend and propose strategies to mitigate its effects.
Statement of the problem
In Osogbo, poverty is a major determinant of high school dropout rates. Financial instability forces many families to withdraw their children from school due to the inability to meet educational expenses, resulting in a loss of human capital and perpetuating the cycle of poverty (Adewale, 2023). The direct correlation between economic hardship and reduced school attendance is evident as children are compelled to work or assume household responsibilities. This situation not only affects individual academic outcomes but also undermines the overall educational development of the community. Additionally, the lack of adequate financial support from the government and non-governmental organizations exacerbates the dropout problem, leaving vulnerable students without the necessary resources to continue their education (Balogun, 2024). Without targeted interventions, the high dropout rates will continue to limit the prospects for socio-economic advancement in Osogbo. The dearth of comprehensive studies that explore the interplay between poverty and education in this specific context further complicates efforts to design effective policies to address the issue (Olayinka, 2025).
Objectives of the study
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To determine the relationship between poverty and school dropout rates in Osogbo.
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To identify the economic factors that contribute to high dropout rates.
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To propose interventions that can reduce school dropout rates among impoverished communities.
Research questions
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How does poverty influence school dropout rates in Osogbo?
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What economic factors are most strongly associated with school dropout rates?
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What interventions can effectively reduce dropout rates in impoverished communities?
Research Hypotheses
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H1: Poverty significantly increases school dropout rates in Osogbo.
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H2: Economic factors such as inability to pay fees and loss of child labor are major contributors to dropouts.
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H3: Targeted financial and social interventions can reduce dropout rates.
Significance of the study
This study is significant as it highlights the critical impact of poverty on educational attainment in Osogbo. The findings will provide insights for policymakers and community leaders to develop strategies that reduce school dropout rates, thereby contributing to long-term socio-economic development (Adewale, 2023; Balogun, 2024).
Scope and limitations of the study
The study is limited to examining the effect of poverty on school dropout rates within Osogbo Local Government Area. It does not consider other factors influencing education in different regions.
Definitions of terms
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Poverty: A state characterized by severe financial deprivation that limits access to basic resources and opportunities.
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School Dropout Rates: The proportion of students who discontinue their education before completing the required academic level.
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Human Capital: The economic value of a workforce’s skill set, including education and health.
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